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M. GALLY.

MECHANICAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

No. 314,012. Patented Mar. 17, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT EEIcE.

MEBBITT GAIQLY, OF ITEIV YORK, N. Y.

MECHANICAL MUSiCAL INSTRUMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 314 012, dated March 17, 1885.

Application filed March 5, 1881. (So model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, Mnnnrrr GALLY, a citi zen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Im provements in Musical Instruments, of which the following is a specification.

Figure 1 is a section of a portion of an organ, showing passage from the pressure windchest to the sounding apparatus, (which may be pipe L,) the valve, exhaust-passage, and a musiesheet, and keys for controlling the exhaust. Fig. 2 shows the diaphragm which controls the valve.

In Fig. l is shown one of a range of organpipes L, the air-passage R Oflwhich supplies the wind from the bellows to all the soundingvalves of the range, one of the sounding-valves D, one of the pneumatic diaphragms AB,and one of the ducts V,which lead from the valves D to the pipes, which ducts are separate from and have no connection with each other. The shutter II is-not necessary to the action of the other parts, but is simply a convenient device for shutting off the air from the range of valves D by dividing the air-passage It 0 if at any time it should be desirable. The enlarged space B may be termed the air-trunk or air-chest for conveying the air from the bellows to the sounding-valves, the constricted portion (3 being a part of the common airpassage B 0 In the ordinary construction of organs the soundingvalves are placed against the upper surface of the air-passage It with the pipe ductsV placed above the valves, and springs applied to the valves for holding them up against their seats. Instead of this construction, I place a sufficient part of each of the ducts V underneath a part of the air-passage C to contain the sounding-valves suspended within the ducts V, and to be held up against the valve-seats exterior to the air-passage It 0.

I suspend the valve D from a central button, B, forming a part of a flexible diaphragm, A B, in such position that the pressure of air in the passage 0 will tend to lift the valve to its seat by pressing upward against the diaphragm. The pressure of the same air downward tends to force valve D from its seat. It

will be seen that if the surfaces of the valve D and diaphragm A B are made of proper comparative dimensions, taking into account the weight of valve and diaphragm, a perfect equilibrium could be produced, so that a slight touch would move the valve up or down.

For operating the valve D, I make a small chamber above the diaphragm A B, which I connect with an exhaust-bellows. I make the surface of the valve D sufiiciently larger than that of diaphragm A B to simply overcome their equilibrium, and the valve drops normally from its seat, but may be broughtto its seat by a very slight exhaust in the chamber above the diaphragm, through duct 0, by means of the exhaust-bellows. I cause valve D to drop again from its seat by venting the chamber above diaphragm A B, and operating the vent either by means of a mechanical music-sheet, as N, or manual key, as I, either or both, as the case may require.

In order that the diaphragm AB may have an extended and easy movement, and be very sensitive for rapid action, I make it of peculiar construction, as shown in Fig. 2,which represents the several parts and the manner of putting them together. In the first part of the figure is shown the diaphragm proper, which is a thin piece of flexible material with a small hole in its center. The material around the edge of the hole is to be stretched to the extent of the dotted lines, thus making the hole larger,and producing a baggy form of the diaphragm. The button B, which is the second part of the figure, is much larger than the original hole in the piece A, and when forced into the hole produces the required stretehin g. The button B is grooved around its edge to receive the inneredge of the diaphragm. The third and fourth parts of the figure show the flexible piece A and button B connected together, forming the baggy construction, and showing the distance of movement secured by such construction. The baggy shape of the diaphragm allows sutlicient movement of the button to produce a lull opening of the valve sul'iicient to sound the larger pipes or reeds of the organ singly or in several sets, as the case l may require. If an exhaust-current is desired 1 for producing the tone instead ofthepressure- IOO current, I make the valve 1) slightly smaller than the diaphragm, or make the weight of the valve sufficient to overcome the eounterpoise under exhaust, and operate as with pressure, simply using an exhaust instead of a pressure bellows.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pneumatic action for organs and similar instruments, an air-passage from the wind-chest to the sounding; apparatus,a valve in said passage controlling the sounding apparatus, a diaphragm-valve connected with the sound-controlling valve, an exhaust for operating said diaphragm-valve, and 1nech- I 

